But Homer also values the bloody resolve of Odysseus and Diomedes. With the Trojans through the Achaean wall, Zeus takes his eyes off the fighting, and the sea-god Poseidon takes advantage. At times, events proceed by the will of the gods, but here we see that sometimes the gods themselves are subjected to the whims of fate. Zeus is getting a little bored with all this fighting. Note also that Zeus never personally descends to the battlefield. Poseidon, however, continues following developments and, feeling pity for the Achaeans, enters their camp, which the Trojans are swarming. Get access risk-free for 30 days, During the time of Alexander the Great, the conception of Patroclus' and Achilles' relationship as sexual was imbued with new resonance due to the relationship between Alexander and his lifelong companion, the nobleman Hephaistion. He cannot take part directly in the battle, but he can help to salvage the spirits of the hard-pressed Achaean forces. He kills man after man, culminating in an exciting duel between Patroclus and Sarpedon. Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans. VIII Guided by Zeus, Hector leads a Trojan rout of the Greeks, but nightfall keeps them from climbing the walls and burning the ships. He stays with his dearest companion, his wife, just as Achilles withdraws to his encampment with Patroclus. Sociology 110: Cultural Studies & Diversity in the U.S. CPA Subtest IV - Regulation (REG): Study Guide & Practice, Positive Learning Environments in Physical Education, Curriculum Development for Physical Education, Creating Routines & Schedules for Your Child's Pandemic Learning Experience, How to Make the Hybrid Learning Model Effective for Your Child, Distance Learning Considerations for English Language Learner (ELL) Students, Roles & Responsibilities of Teachers in Distance Learning, Christmas in Latin America: Traditions, Food & Decorations, What are Online Learning Tools? Amidst the fighting, Aeneas and Meriones exchange insults. Homer describes a number of fights between great warriors of both sides. "Iliad Books 13-16 Summary and Analysis". Satisfied, Zeus turns his attention elsewhere. Odysseus angrily scolds Agamemnon for his suggestion, and Diomedes suggests that the wounded champions return to the battlefield. The two men decide to take position in defense of the ships on the left side of the battlefield, since the Aeantes hold the center. It is also important to realize that for Homer, Agamemnon's indecision is not necessarily ignoble. He fears that an Achaean defeat would be his fault. Poseidon goes among the other troops, rousing their courage, and the Achaeans rally behind the two Aeantes and rush to face Hector and his troops. He makes an impassioned speech and shames the soldiers. credit by exam that is accepted by over 1,500 colleges and universities. It might be said that for the Greeks there was no concept of homosexuality, but it is important to remember that they also lacked any modern conception of heterosexuality and bisexuality. This does not mean that the Greeks saw sexual orientation as pure choice. But that scene does not in itself preclude the possibility of sexual relations between the two men: all Greek men, even when they had their most fulfilling sexual relationships with other men, took women as consorts and wives. The death of Sarpedon is another important episode in this book, because it reveals an important element of the Homeric view of fate. Because Zeus has turned his gaze elsewhere, with Poseidon's aid the Achaeans are able to regroup and launch a stiff counterattack on the left side. And Genesis 1-25 capturing the Akhaian ships occurred to them encountered a god days, just an. Because ultimately he wants more glory for Achilles is mighty enough to his. 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